ESPE Yearbook of Paediatric Endocrinology

christine.martinez-vinson@aphp.fr J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2021; 73: 231-235. PMID: 33908740.Brief Summary: This retrospective study evaluated longitudinal changes in bone mineral density (BMD) in children and adolescents with Crohn disease (CD), and the risk factors for low BMD. Low BMD (defined as BMD Z score ≤ -2.0) was present in 18.7% of patients at diagnosis and in 16% at ...

anton.holmgren@regionhalland.se Pediatr Res. 2021 Jul;90(1):184–190. doi: 10.1038/s41390-020-01234-3.Brief Summary: This observational study compared the pubertal growth spurt of children in a Spanish study group with severe early onset obesity to children in a Swedish community-based study. The authors show that childhood obesity i...

Brief summary: In utero the embryo and the fetus are protected by different mechanisms from too high levels of maternal thyroid hormones after transplacental passage such as deiodination and sulfatation of T4 and T3 in the placenta as well as in the tissues of the unborn child (1,2). Maternal hyperthyroidism and its treatment with anti-thyroid drugs is associated with different congenital malformation. However, so far, it remains unclear, which malformations are linke...

To read the full abstract: JCI Insight. 2018;3(2). pii: 98394The (human) adrenal cortex undergoes massive changes in structure and function from fetal to postnatal life, with the first consisting of a small outer definitive zone and a larger inner fetal zone, and the latter finally consisting of three distinct layers, namely the zona glomerulosa (ZG), fasciculata (ZF) and reticularis (ZR). Ho...

Nature. 2021;596(7872):393-7. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-03779-7.PubMed ID: 34349265Brief summary: This study analysed genome-wide association array (GWAS) data on ~200 000 women of European ancestry to identify 290 separate genetic signals associated with normal variation in age at natural menopause (ANM). Experimental alterations of key identified genes in mouse models confirmed their impac...

To read the full abstract: Development 2017;144:3289-3302Aberrant development of the anterior pituitary can lead to congenital hypopituitarism (CH) in humans and hence understanding how this organ develops is critical to understand CH. The anterior pituitary develops in intimate contact with the prospective hypothalamus, which secretes growth factors that are required for the pituitary gland to grow...

To read the full abstract: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019 Dec 1;104(12):5737–5750. doi: 10.1210/jc.2019-00631. PMID: 31504653.This paper describes two genes and three syndromes that clinicians would probably like to know when treating patients with a syndromic form of panhypopituitarism. Heterozygous mutation in a maternally imprinted gene, MAGEL2, was described in four patients...

To read the full abstract: JAMA Pediatr. 2019 Aug 5;173(10):e192430. doi: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.2430.The authors systematically reviewed published evidence on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children aged 2–13 years. Based on data on 477 620 children from 28 European countries, they conclude that the prevalence is very high but appears to have stabilized in ...

To read the full abstract: Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2018; 115(52): E12265–E12274.The adrenal cortex plays a central role in regulating body homeostasis through the production of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids that control many important physiologic functions, such as metabolism, inflammation and arterial blood pressure. The production of these hormones, known as steroid...

Brief summary: This study investigates the role of SUMOylation in adrenal development and functionThe murine adrenal cortex is a constantly self-renewed endocrine organ composed of concentric zones, including the outermost zona glomerulosa (zG) producing mineralocorticoids and the innermost zona fasciculata (zF) producing glucocorticoids. According to the centripetal migration model occurring during postnatal development, progenitor cell populations loca...